AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The MIT team found that in addition to the motor cortex, the remote brain area most affected by dopamine is the insular cortex. This region is critical for many cognitive functions related to perception of the body’s internal states, including physical and emotional states.

Detailed explanation-2: -Brief History of Dopamine Hypothesis in Schizophrenia Dopamine is produced in the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental regions of the brain, and dopamine alterations are related to schizophrenia (1, 2). Dopaminergic projections are divided into the nigrostriatal, mesolimbic, and mesocortical systems.

Detailed explanation-3: -Dopamine enables successful cognitive control in prefrontal cortex. Dopamine receptors in prefrontal cortex control three key aspects of cognitive control – gating, maintaining, and relaying.

Detailed explanation-4: -The largest and most important sources of dopamine in the vertebrate brain are the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area.