AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Ventral striatal activity during reward anticipation is generally reduced in patients with schizophrenia and specifically correlates with apathy. However, little is known about the cortico-striatal functional connectivity in patients with schizophrenia during reward anticipation and its relation to negative symptoms.

Detailed explanation-2: -The ventral striatum is critically involved in emotion processing and reward-based learning. In schizophrenia, task-fMRI studies on reward and emotion processing also revealed a link between activity changes in the ventral striatum and negative symptoms.

Detailed explanation-3: -Schizophrenia is associated with changes in the structure and functioning of a number of key brain systems, including prefrontal and medial temporal lobe regions involved in working memory and declarative memory, respectively.

Detailed explanation-4: -Results: Compared with healthy controls, patients with schizophrenia showed reduced activation of right hemisphere structures involved in EP and ToM including inferior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, and right temporoparietal junction.

Detailed explanation-5: -The most common theory about the cause of schizophrenia is that there are too many dopamine receptors in certain parts of the brain, specifically the mesolimbic pathway. 1 This causes an increase in mesolimbic activity which results in delusions, hallucinations, and other psychotic symptoms.