AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Belief Bias: the tendency for one’s preexisting beliefs to distort logical reasoning, sometimes by making invalid conclusions seem valid, or valid conclusions seem invalid. Belief Perseverance: clinging to one’s initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited.

Detailed explanation-2: -Confirmation bias is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms or supports one’s prior beliefs or values.

Detailed explanation-3: -An example of belief perseverance is a person who believes that smoking does not cause cancer despite the abundance of evidence that shows that smoking does cause cancer.

Detailed explanation-4: -Overconfidence influences our decisions and judgments by making us overestimate the accuracy of our decisions and judgments. Belief perseverance influences our decisions and judgments by making us tend to believe our beliefs even when evidence contradicts them.