AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -According to Kohlberg’s moral development theory, individuals who reach the post-conventional level live by their own ethical principle, including basic human rights as life, liberty, and justice. They tend to pursue “the greatest good for the greatest number of people”1.

Detailed explanation-2: -Postconventional morality is the third stage of moral development, and is characterized by an individuals’ understanding of universal ethical principles. These are abstract and ill-defined, but might include: the preservation of life at all costs, and the importance of human dignity.

Detailed explanation-3: -Moral reasoning at the conventional level focuses on social order, upholding the law, and maintaining positive relationships. Moral reasoning at the postconventional level focuses on principles and values beyond laws that ensure individual rights.

Detailed explanation-4: -Level 1. Preconventional morality is the earliest period of moral development. It lasts until around the age of 9. At this age, children’s decisions are primarily shaped by the expectations of adults and the consequences of breaking the rules.