LEARNING
LEARNING PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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believed that a person’s behavior is the result of rewards and punishments
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something that increases the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated
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argued that learning involved mental processes and could occur without any outward signs of learning
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system in which individuals are paid to act appropriately
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learning that occurs by observing others and following their lead
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Detailed explanation-1: -Reinforcement theory is a psychological principle suggesting that behaviors are shaped by their consequences, and that individual behaviors can be changed through reinforcement, punishment and extinction. Behavioral psychologist B.F. Skinner was instrumental in developing modern ideas about reinforcement theory.
Detailed explanation-2: -According to B. F. Skinner’s theory of learning, our behaviors are developed or conditioned through reinforcements. He referred to this process as operant conditioning, with operant referring to any behavior that acts on the environment and leads to consequences.
Detailed explanation-3: -Answer and Explanation: The answer is B. Organisms learn from the consequences of their behavior. In operant conditioning, a behavior is either reinforced or encouraged through a series of punishments and reinforcements.
Detailed explanation-4: -Operant conditioning is built on the foundation of rewards and punishment: when our behavior is rewarded, we are encouraged to repeat or continue that behavior, and when our behavior is punished, we are discouraged from repeating or continuing that behavior.
Detailed explanation-5: -Positive reinforcement describes the process of increasing the future incidence of some response or behavior by following that behavior with an enjoyable consequence. The consequence is sometimes called a “positive reinforcer” or more simply a “reinforcer”.