AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -For example, giving a child praise for completing his homework represents positive reinforcement, whereas taking aspirin to reduced the pain of a headache represents negative reinforcement. In both cases, the reinforcement makes it more likely that behavior will occur again in the future.

Detailed explanation-2: -Such behavior is usually viewed as a form of escape, that is, the response of consuming aspirins is negatively reinforced by relief from the headache.

Detailed explanation-3: -Negative reinforcement is NOT punishment or a “bad” thing. Negative reinforcement encourages the repeating of a behaviour by ✨removing✨ something. For example, when a person takes a painkiller to get rid of a headache, the behaviour of taking medicine is then negatively reinforced by the removal of pain.

Detailed explanation-4: -Negative reinforcement can include someone who abuses a drug and get used to its effects, then stops and feels withdrawal, and now has to continue its usage to avoid the aversive situation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Examples of Negative Reinforcement Giving a pass to the car behind to avoid its honking. Getting up from the bed to avoid the noisy alarm. Taking an antacid before having a spicy meal. Applying sunscreen before heading to the beach to avoid getting sunburned.