AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Secondary reinforcers are also called conditioned reinforcers and do not occur naturally and need to be learned. Money is an example of a secondary reinforcer. Money helps reinforce behaviors because it can be used to acquire primary reinforcers such as food, clothing, and shelter (among other things).

Detailed explanation-2: -Primary reinforcers are reinforcers that have innate reinforcing qualities. These kinds of reinforcers are not learned. Water, food, sleep, shelter, sex, and touch, among others, are primary reinforcers. Pleasure is also a primary reinforcer.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are four types of reinforcement: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, extinction, and punishment. Positive reinforcement is the application of a positive reinforcer.

Detailed explanation-4: -The learned reinforcers include the socially mediated encouragements, commendations, prizes, rewards, favours and so on which the members of a given social group use in their attempts to encourage culturally approved (rather than antisocial) behaviour in others.