AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Example: In the cat example in Key Term 3, the cat’s response of running to the kitchen and salivating when it hears the can opener is the conditioned response.

Detailed explanation-2: -Ivan Pavlov conducted experiments on dogs, in which he used classical conditioning principles to spur the dogs to salivate whenever a bell was rung. Specifically, the dogs learned to associate the ringing of the bell (the conditioned stimulus) with the presentation of food (the unconditioned stimulus).

Detailed explanation-3: -The correct answer to this question is provided by option D: An infant is tired of looking at his mobile. Habituation can be understood as a process that occurs through the repeated presentation of a stimulus and results in a decreased response to the stimulus.

Detailed explanation-4: -The dogs had learnt to associate the bell with the food and the sound of the bell and salivation was triggered by the sound of the bell. Pavlov showed that classical conditioning leads to learning by association.