AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A hay fever sufferer sees a flower on a restaurant table and, not realizing it is plastic, experiences a rapidly accelerating heartbeat and profuse perspiration. This most clearly illustrates that stress reactions can result from: classical conditioning.

Detailed explanation-2: -This is known as vicarious reinforcement. On the other hand, if you observed the model being punished, you would be less motivated to copy her. This is called vicarious punishment.

Detailed explanation-3: -A person is caught stealing and is taken to jail. Those who saw the person steal and receive punishment learn vicariously that stealing brings a negative consequence.

Detailed explanation-4: -The contraction of the pupil of the eye in the presence of a bright light is an example of cerebral reflex. A reflex action that involves the brain is called cerebral reflex.

Detailed explanation-5: -Taste aversion is a type of conditioning in which an interval of several hours may pass between the conditioned stimulus (something ingested) and the unconditioned stimulus (nausea or illness).