AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Margaret Floy Washburn was the first woman to earn a doctoral degree in American psychology (1894) and the second woman, after Mary Whiton Calkins, to serve as APA President. Ironically, Calkins earned her doctorate at Harvard in 1894, but the university trustees refused to grant her the degree.

Detailed explanation-2: -At Cornell Washburn worked with an early icon in American psychology, E.B. Titchener. She became Titchener’s first doctoral student and, in 1894, the first female in the United States to be awarded a Ph. D.

Detailed explanation-3: -Washburn developed her motor theory, which stated that thought or consciousness could be seen in bodily movements. She believed that consciousness is the result of sensation and motion.

Detailed explanation-4: -For a woman of science in the 1900s, Margaret Washburn contributed a lot to the field of psychology. She wrote many publications including The Animal Mind. She was the first female to receive a PhD.

Detailed explanation-5: -Washburn and June Etta Downey were the first female psychologists elected to the society in 1929; the next female member to be elected was Eleanor Gibson in 1958. She was also the first woman psychologist (and second female) elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1932.