AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The independent variable is one that the researchers either manipulate (such as the amount of something) or that already exists but is not dependent upon other variables (such as the age of the participants).

Detailed explanation-2: -Independent variables are what researchers manipulate in a research study. An independent variable is the variable that researchers manipulate in order to better understand how phenomena, constructs, and behaviors are associated with dependent variables.

Detailed explanation-3: -Therefore, in experiments, a researcher manipulates an independent variable to determine if it causes a change in the dependent variable.

Detailed explanation-4: -The independent variable, also known as the manipulated variable, is the factor manipulated by the researcher, and it produces one or more results, known as dependent variables.

Detailed explanation-5: -An independent variable (IV) is a variable that is manipulated by a researcher to investigate whether it consequently brings change in another variable. This other variable, which is measured and predicted to be dependent upon the IV, is therefore named the dependent variable (DV).