AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: –Extraneous variables could confound results due to the reduced control experimenters have over them in non-artificial environments, which makes it difficult to find truly causal effects between independent and dependent variables.

Detailed explanation-2: -Field experiments are done in the everyday (i.e. real life) environment of the participants. The experimenter still manipulates the independent variable, but in a real-life setting (so cannot really control extraneous variables).

Detailed explanation-3: -In an experiment, an extraneous variable is any variable that you’re not investigating that can potentially affect the outcomes of your research study.

Detailed explanation-4: -By using a consistent environment, experimental design, and randomization, researchers can minimize the effect that potential extraneous variables can have on experiment.

Detailed explanation-5: -Extraneous variables can be natural characteristics of the participant, such as age or gender, or they could be features of the environment such as noise or lighting. Example: Robert conducted a study to examine how lack of sleep affects college students.