AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A researcher asks an assistant to conduct a study on her behalf. She specifically tells her assistant only to share the results anonymously and not include the names of the students along with their scores. Such an experiment would be considered a a. double-blind experiment.

Detailed explanation-2: -Double-blind studies control for both participant bias and experimenter bias.

Detailed explanation-3: -For example, let’s imagine that researchers are investigating the effects of a new drug. In a double-blind study, the researchers who interact with the participants would not know who was receiving the actual drug and who was receiving a placebo.

Detailed explanation-4: -Therefore, both research participants and researchers are blind to this information. Double-blind studies help in reducing the biases like the placebo effect, experimenter bias, and experimenter expectancy effect that hinder the results and conclusions of the study.

Detailed explanation-5: -Edward Thorndike (1898) is famous in psychology for his work on learning theory that lead to the development of operant conditioning within Behaviorism. Whereas classical conditioning depends on developing associations between events, operant conditioning involves learning from the consequences of our behavior.