AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The case study method often involves simply observing what happens to, or reconstructing ‘the case history’ of a single participant or group of individuals (such as a school class or a specific social group), i.e. the idiographic approach.

Detailed explanation-2: -In a longitudinal study, researchers repeatedly examine the same individuals to detect any changes that might occur over a period of time. Longitudinal studies are a type of correlational research in which researchers observe and collect data on a number of variables without trying to influence those variables.

Detailed explanation-3: -A longitudinal study (or longitudinal survey, or panel study) is a research design that involves repeated observations of the same variables (e.g., people) over short or long periods of time (i.e., uses longitudinal data).

Detailed explanation-4: -However, in a longitudinal study, researchers conduct several observations of the same subjects over a period of time, sometimes lasting many years.

Detailed explanation-5: -Three types of observational studies include cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies (Figure 1).