AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Perception is how you interpret the world around you and make sense of it in your brain. You do so via stimuli that affect your different senses-sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste.

Detailed explanation-2: -Bottom-up processing states that we begin to perceive new stimuli through the process of sensation and the use of our schemas is not required. James J. Gibson (1966) argued that no learning was required to perceive new stimuli. Gibson looked at perception as more of a ‘what you see is what you get’ kind of situation.

Detailed explanation-3: -Bottom-up and top-down processing are two different ways of making sense of stimuli. In bottom-up processing, we allow the stimulus itself to shape our perception, without any preconceived ideas. In top-down processing, we use our background knowledge and expectations to interpret what we see.

Detailed explanation-4: -Perception involves both bottom-up and top-down processing. One way to think of this concept is that sensation is a physical process (bottom-up processing), whereas perception is psychological (top-down processing). Bottom-up processing refers to the fact that perceptions are built from sensory input.