AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Just as prey use cues to detect the presence of predators, predators use cues to detect prey. Animals can therefore avoid attracting a predator’s attention by minimizing cues of their presence, such as by remaining silent, seeking refuge, and reducing overall activity levels when risk of predation is high.

Detailed explanation-2: -Predator and prey populations cycle through time, as predators decrease numbers of prey. Lack of food resources in turn decrease predator abundance, and the lack of predation pressure allows prey populations to rebound.

Detailed explanation-3: -In predation, one organism kills and consumes another. Predation provides energy to prolong the life and promote the reproduction of the organism that does the killing, the predator, to the detriment of the organism being consumed, the prey. Predation influences organisms at two ecological levels.

Detailed explanation-4: -However, if one type of animal eats most of its natural prey, the prey’s population goes down too far and recovering its population through natural reproduction may become a big problem. Without enough food, the predator’s population may also die and both animals could become extinct.

Detailed explanation-5: -Predator–prey relationships are also influenced by prey vulnerability, which may arise from intrinsic (inherent to the prey) or extrinsic (arising from the environment) sources. Prey body condition is typically an intrinsic factor that can determine prey vulnerability to predators.