HUMAN NUTRITION

Detailed explanation-1: -Human papillomavirus (HPV) tests and Pap tests are recommended cervical cancer screening tests that can be used alone or in combination. These tests prevent the disease because they allow abnormal cells to be found and treated before they become cancer.

Detailed explanation-2: -Women with an abnormal BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene may reduce their risk of breast cancer by about 50% by having prophylactic ovary removal (oophorectomy) before menopause. Removing the ovaries lowers the risk of breast cancer because the ovaries are the main source of estrogen in a premenopausal woman’s body.

Detailed explanation-3: -Finding cervical cancer often starts with an abnormal HPV (human papillomavirus) or Pap test result. This will lead to further tests which can diagnose cervical cancer or pre-cancer. The Pap test and HPV test are screening tests, not diagnostic tests.

Detailed explanation-4: -If your family health history suggests that you may carry a genetic mutation, your doctor can refer you to genetic counseling. A genetic counselor is a specialist who asks you about your health history and your family’s health history and helps you decide if genetic testing is right for you.