HUMAN NUTRITION

Detailed explanation-1: -Adventitia. The adventitia is an external fibrous layer that covers the esophagus, connecting it with neighboring structures. It is composed of loose connective tissue and contains small vessels, lymphatic channels, and nerve fibers.

Detailed explanation-2: -Normally, the esophageal lining (the epithelium) consists of flat, layered cells similar to those in the skin. This squamous epithelium stops abruptly at the junction of the esophagus with the stomach near the lower end of the lower esophageal sphincter.

Detailed explanation-3: -Esophagus is unique, unlike any other organ in the body, it is made up of partly skeletal and partly smooth muscles. Upper part is entirely skeletal (2–4 cm), the middle, a mixture of skeletal and smooth muscle (Figure 9), and the lower part, 11 cm or so in length is entirely smooth.

Detailed explanation-4: -In humans the esophagus is lined by a partially keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.