HUMAN NUTRITION

Detailed explanation-1: -When energy expenditure exceeds energy intake, energy balance is negative and leads to weight loss. When intake equals expenditure, equilibrium results and body fat is maintained, regardless of whether the body weight is at, above, or below normal.

Detailed explanation-2: -Weight loss and weight gain are associated with declines and increases in energy expenditure (EE), which mainly follow changes in the metabolically active component of the body, i.e. fat-free mass (FFM).

Detailed explanation-3: -A positive energy balance, in which energy intake exceeds expenditure causes weight gain, with 60–80 % of the resulting weight gain being attributable to body fat. In negative energy balance, when energy expenditure exceeds intake, the resulting loss in body mass is also accounted for by 60–80 % body fat.