HUMAN NUTRITION

Detailed explanation-1: -Iodine is an essential component of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroid hormones regulate many important biochemical reactions, including protein synthesis and enzymatic activity, and are critical determinants of metabolic activity [1, 2].

Detailed explanation-2: -Iodine, as a trace element, is a necessary and limiting substrate for thyroid gland hormone synthesis. It is an essential element that enables the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).

Detailed explanation-3: -Control of the thyroid by iodine Its main effects are to decrease the response of the thyroid to thyrotropin (TSH); to acutely inhibit its own oxidation; to reduce its trapping after a delay; and, at high concentrations, to inhibit thyroid hormone secretion12).

Detailed explanation-4: -After the thyroid, the ovaries have the highest concentration of iodine. That’s because the ovaries need iodine for their production of the hormone estrogen. Insufficient iodine may lead to high levels of estrone and estradiol and relatively low estriol levels.