HUMAN NUTRITION

Detailed explanation-1: -One of the most critical factors for microbial growth is the availability of nutrients and energy. Microbes need carbohydrates, fats, proteins, metals, and vitamins to survive, just like animals. The process of using nutrients and converting them into cellular material requires energy.

Detailed explanation-2: -Theoretically, any microorganism (including microorganisms used in food fermentation and pathogens) that can multiply in a food to reach a high level (spoilage detection level) is capable of causing it to spoil.

Detailed explanation-3: -Bacteria can live in hotter and colder temperatures than humans, but they do best in a warm, moist, protein-rich environment that is pH neutral or slightly acidic.

Detailed explanation-4: -In addition to bacteria, the microorganisms which cause food poisoning include viruses and protozoans.