AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body. Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain a person’s genes. Genes are contained in chromosomes, which are in the cell nucleus.

Detailed explanation-2: -The functional segment of DNA is called genes. Gene is the segment of DNA that codes for a functional protein. Genes are inherited from parents to offspring. They are responsible to carry genetic information from one generation to another.

Detailed explanation-3: -Genes, segments of DNA present within the chromosomes of a cell, provide the code for conversion RNA into proteins, the functional and structural units of the human body. Hence, a gene is a template.

Detailed explanation-4: -Like words in a sentence, the DNA sequence of a gene determines the amino acid sequence for the protein it encodes. In the protein-coding region of a gene, the DNA sequence is interpreted in groups of three nucleotide bases, called codons. Each codon specifies a single amino acid in a protein.