AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Monkeys in the family Atelidae, such as the spider monkey, are the only primates to have prehensile tails. New World monkeys’ closest relatives are the other simians, the Catarrhini ("down-nosed"), comprising Old World monkeys and apes.

Detailed explanation-2: -The only primate genera (Figure 1) that possess prehensile tails are spider monkeys (Ateles), woolly spider monkeys (Brachyteles), howler monkeys (Alouatta), woolly monkeys (Lagorix), and capuchin monkeys (Cebus)3.

Detailed explanation-3: -Atelidae. The atelids are the largest NWMs (5-15 kg) and consist of two subfamilies, Alouattinae and Atelinae (Table 1). All five genera have a long, prehensile tails. Within the Alouattinae, there is just one genus, the howler monkeys (Alouatta).

Detailed explanation-4: -New World monkeys are members of five different primate families (Callitrichidae, Cebidae, Aotidae, Pitheciidae, and Atelidae) and consist of almost exclusively arboreal (tree-dwelling) species like marmosets, tamarins, capuchins, and spider monkeys (3).

Detailed explanation-5: -New World monkeys are the platyrrhines (“flat-nosed”), a group comprising five families. As their taxonomic names suggest, New World (platyrrhine) and Old World (catarrhine) monkeys are distinguished by the form of the nose.