AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -restriction enzyme, also called restriction endonuclease, a protein produced by bacteria that cleaves DNA at specific sites along the molecule. In the bacterial cell, restriction enzymes cleave foreign DNA, thus eliminating infecting organisms.

Detailed explanation-2: -The first restriction enzyme to be discovered by Hind II. Hind II was extracted from Haemophilus influenza. Hind II can only recognize a specific site in DNA termed as a recognition site for Hind II (5’-C-A-G-C-T-G-3’).

Detailed explanation-3: -In 1970, Hamilton O. Smith, Thomas Kelly and Kent Wilcox isolated and characterized the first type II restriction enzyme, HindII, from the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae.

Detailed explanation-4: -Restriction enzymes, also called restriction endonucleases, are enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences. Naturally found in bacteria to defend against viral pathogens, restriction enzymes have been harnessed by researchers and have proven a powerful asset for use in biotechnology applications, such as DNA cloning.