AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A deletion changes the DNA sequence by removing at least one nucleotide in a gene. Small deletions remove one or a few nucleotides within a gene, while larger deletions can remove an entire gene or several neighboring genes. The deleted DNA may alter the function of the affected protein or proteins.

Detailed explanation-2: -If one or two bases are deleted the translational frame is altered resulting in a garbled message and nonfunctional product. A deletion of three or more bases leave the reading frame intact. A deletion of one or more codons results in a protein missing one or more amino acids. This may be deleterious or not.

Detailed explanation-3: -In the case of deletion mutations, one nucleobase is removed from the DNA sequence usually during DNA replication. Frameshift: this type of mutation occurs as a result of deletion point mutations.

Detailed explanation-4: -(deh-LEE-shun) A type of genetic change that involves the absence of a segment of DNA. It may be as small as a single base but can vary significantly in size.

Detailed explanation-5: -Frameshift Mutation A frameshift mutation in a gene refers to the insertion or deletion of nucleotide bases in numbers that are not multiples of three. This is important because a cell reads a gene’s code in groups of three bases when making a protein.