AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Classical conditioning involves associating an involuntary response and a stimulus, while operant conditioning is about associating a voluntary behavior and a consequence. In operant conditioning, the learner is also rewarded with incentives, 5 while classical conditioning involves no such enticements.

Detailed explanation-2: -Both classical and operant conditioning are forms of associative learning where associations are made between events that occur together. Observational learning is just as it sounds: learning by observing others.

Detailed explanation-3: -In operant conditioning, a person pairs his/her own behavior with the consequences of that behavior (Kandel et al., 2000). Classical conditioning is a simple form of associative learning, where the behavioral response is modified by conditioned stimulus.

Detailed explanation-4: -Classical conditioning (also known as Pavlovian or respondent conditioning) is learning through association and was discovered by Pavlov, a Russian physiologist. In simple terms, two stimuli are linked together to produce a new learned response in a person or animal.

Detailed explanation-5: -Classical conditioning involves forming an association between two stimuli, resulting in a learned response. 4 There are three basic phases of this process.