AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The dogs salivating for food is the unconditioned response in Pavlov’s experiment. A conditioned stimulus is a stimulus that can eventually trigger a conditioned response. In the described experiment, the conditioned stimulus was the ringing of the bell, and the conditioned response was salivation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Pavlov’s Dogs The most famous example of classical conditioning was Ivan Pavlov’s experiment with dogs, who salivated in response to a bell tone. Pavlov showed that when a bell was sounded each time the dog was fed, the dog learned to associate the sound with the presentation of the food.

Detailed explanation-3: -The salivation was not only a result of the food being served, but of the sound of the footsteps that the dogs associated with being fed. This is how classical conditioning was discovered. Pavlov had the idea that dogs do not need to learn certain things, such as salivating when they see food.

Detailed explanation-4: -Pavlov then conducted a series of experiments using different sound-making objectsclass to condition the dogs’ behavioral responses. In Pavlov’s experiment, he sounded a bell whenever he fed his dogs. After several repetitions, the dogs began salivating as soon as they heard the sound – even before they saw the food.

Detailed explanation-5: -After several conditioning trials, Pavlov noted that the dogs began to salivate after hearing the metronome. “A stimulus which was neutral in and of itself had been superimposed upon the action of the inborn alimentary reflex, ” Pavlov wrote of the results.