AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In Pavlov’s experiment, the food was the unconditioned stimulus. An unconditioned response is an automatic response to a stimulus. The dogs salivating for food is the unconditioned response in Pavlov’s experiment. A conditioned stimulus is a stimulus that can eventually trigger a conditioned response.

Detailed explanation-2: -During the 1890s, Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist who was researching salivation in dogs as a response to being fed. While the dogs were being fed, he used a small test tube to measure the saliva by inserting it into their cheeks.

Detailed explanation-3: -Pavlovian conditioning, also called Classical Conditioning, a type of conditioned learning which occurs because of the subject’s instinctive responses, as opposed to operant conditioning, which is contingent on the willful actions of the subject.

Detailed explanation-4: -Classical Conditioning (Conditioning is another word for learning.) By pairing a new stimulus with a familiar one, an animal can be conditioned to respond to the new stimulus. The conditioned response is typically a reflex-a behavior that requires no thought.