AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Focal sampling: watching one animal for a set length of time and writing down everything the animal does with the time noted. Scan sampling: watching one animal or a group of animals and writing down what they are doing at a certain interval of time (every 30 seconds, every 5 minutes, etc.)

Detailed explanation-2: -Behavioural research requires the use of sampling methods to document the occurrence of responses observed. Sampling/recording methods include ad libitum, continuous, pinpoint (instantaneous), and one-zero (interval) sampling. Researchers have questioned the utility of each sampling method under different contexts.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are three main types of ecological sampling: random sampling, systematic sampling, and stratified sampling. Random sampling is carried out when the area of study is fairly uniform or very large. When using random sampling a large number of samples are usually taken from different areas within the habitat.

Detailed explanation-4: -a data collection method in which the behaviors of one or more individuals are observed and recorded during a designated period of time.