AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In ethology, territory is the sociographical area that an animal consistently defends against conspecific competition (or, occasionally, against animals of other species) using agonistic behaviors or (less commonly) real physical aggression.

Detailed explanation-2: -territorial behaviour, in zoology, the methods by which an animal, or group of animals, protects its territory from incursions by others of its species. Territorial boundaries may be marked by sounds such as bird song, or scents such as pheromones secreted by the skin glands of many mammals.

Detailed explanation-3: -Many animals are territorial as adults. This strategy often makes evolutionary sense since animals can defend clumped resources more efficiently if they stake out a space of their own.

Detailed explanation-4: -Answer: Wolf packs maintain the territories where they hunt and live. Aggressively, these areas are defended from all the non-pack members. The male cougar contains a large territory that can overlap the territories of many females but is defended against the other males.

Detailed explanation-5: -Territorial defence has both costs and benefits, and animals defend territories only when it is economical to do so. For example, spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) defend territories in the Ngorongoro crater, where their prey is predictable and abundant, but not in the Serengeti plains, where it is very seasonal.