ANIMAL BEHAVIOR
INTRODUCTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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It immediately benefits the performer and imposes a cost on another individual.
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It imposes a cost on the performer and the other individual.
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It imposes a cost on the performer without benefiting another individual.
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It immediately benefits another individual at some cost to the performer.
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It immediately benefits both the performer and another individual.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Which one of the following statements best defines an altruistic act? It immediately benefits another individual at some cost to the performer. ( On occasion, animals behave in ways that reduce their individual fitness and increase the fitness of the recipient of the behavior, a phenomenon called altruism.)
Detailed explanation-2: -Evolutionary biologists determined that an animal’s behaviors are altruistic when they benefit other individuals, even to the potential detriment of themselves. Species with complex social structures like bees, ants and termites provide great examples of biological altruism.
Detailed explanation-3: -The costs and benefits are measured in terms of reproductive fitness, or expected number of offspring. So by behaving altruistically, an organism reduces the number of offspring it is likely to produce itself, but boosts the likelihood that other organisms are to produce offspring.
Detailed explanation-4: -This means that the altruistic gene can in principle spread by natural selection. The gene causes an organism to behave in a way which reduces its own fitness but boosts the fitness of its relatives-who have a greater than average chance of carrying the gene themselves.