ANIMAL BEHAVIOR
LEARNING
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Building new behavior by selectively reinforcing variations in existing behaviour
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Starting the training from the beginning in order to train a new behaviour
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Detailed explanation-1: -Shaping behavior is an aspect of behavior analysis that gradually teaches new behavior through the use of reinforcement until the target behavior is achieved. In order for shaping to be successful, it is important to clearly define the behavioral objective and the target behavior.
Detailed explanation-2: -Reinforcement means you are increasing a behavior, and punishment means you are decreasing a behavior. Reinforcement can be positive or negative, and punishment can also be positive or negative. All reinforcers (positive or negative) increase the likelihood of a behavioral response.
Detailed explanation-3: -Shaping in operant conditioning was based on the relationship between reinforcement and behaviors. Skinner proposed that a reinforcer is a consequence that increases the likelihood of the desired behavior reoccurring, and punishment decreases the chance of reoccurrence.
Detailed explanation-4: -An example of shaping is when a baby or a toddler learns to walk. They are reinforced for crawling, then standing, then taking one step, then taking a few steps, and finally for walking. Reinforcement is typically in the form of lots of praise and attention from the child’s parents.