AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Reinforcement learning is a machine learning training method based on rewarding desired behaviors and/or punishing undesired ones. In general, a reinforcement learning agent is able to perceive and interpret its environment, take actions and learn through trial and error.

Detailed explanation-2: -Thorndike introduced the law of effect which states that a positive effect (reward) increases the probability and a negative consequence (punishment) will reduce the probability that a certain behaviour will be repeated in the future (Thorndike, 1913, 1927).

Detailed explanation-3: -Developed by B.F Skinner, operant conditioning is a way of learning by means of rewards and punishments. This type of conditioning holds that a certain behavior and a consequence, either a reward or punishment, have a connection which brings about learning.

Detailed explanation-4: -Operant conditioning, also called instrumental conditioning, is a learning process where behaviors are modified through the association of stimuli with reinforcement or punishment.

Detailed explanation-5: -This study found that theoritically rewards would increase students motivation, so they can learn and work harder. The rewards and punishment will also increase students’ interest in a particular subject. This will lead to a stituation where rewards can motivate students to have a good performance.