AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The term coevolution is used to describe cases where two (or more) species reciprocally affect each other’s evolution.

Detailed explanation-2: -Hummingbird beaks and the long-tubular flowers on some of the plants they pollinate are often used as examples. Charles Darwin described an interesting case of pollinator-flowering plant coevolution in Madagascar: the star orchid, Angraecum sesquipedale, has foot-long spurs, with the nectary at the tip.

Detailed explanation-3: -Coevolution is a term used to describe the mutual changes in two or more species, usually one following the other, that affect their interactions. Flowering plants (angiosperms) and their pollinators are often used as the classic example of this evolutionary phenomenon.

Detailed explanation-4: -One common and easily observable example is between bees and flowers. Bees depend on flowers for food, and flowers depend on the bees to pollinate them. Essentially, the bee allows some plants to reproduce.

Detailed explanation-5: -Predators and prey interact and coevolve: the predator to catch the prey more effectively, the prey to escape. The coevolution of the two mutually imposes selective pressures. These often lead to an evolutionary arms race between prey and predator, resulting in anti-predator adaptations.