AP BIOLOGY

ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY

CHEMICAL SIGNALS

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
(2) examples of second messengers are ____
A
Ca 2+
B
protein kinase
C
cAMP
D
G-protein coupled receptor
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Examples of second messenger molecules include cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, inositol triphosphate, diacylglycerol, and calcium.

Detailed explanation-2: -(A) cAMP is the archetypical second messenger. Its levels increase rapidly following receptor-mediated activation of adenylyl cyclase (AC), which catalyzes the conversion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to cAMP.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cylic AMP (cAMP) is a water-soluble second messenger found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The intracellular concentrations of cyclic AMP are approximately 0.1-1.0 M, increasing 20-fold within seconds of activation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a second messenger used for intracellular signal induction. It is synthesized from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by enzymes (g-proteins) that are attached to metabotropic receptors and become released when the receptor is activated.

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