AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Chromosomes are made up of a DNA-protein complex called chromatin that is organized into subunits called nucleosomes. The way in which eukaryotes compact and arrange their chromatin not only allows a large amount of DNA to fit in a small space, but it also helps regulate gene expression.

Detailed explanation-2: -DNA is composed of monomer units called nucleotides. When a eukaryotic cell is not reproducing, its DNA is inside the nucleus as disorganized, long strands called chromatin. Before a cell divides, the chromatin thickens and shortens into distinctly visible bodies called chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-3: -Chromatin is the complex of genomic DNA with proteins called histones, where each histone-bound DNA molecule is referred to as a chromosome. However, chromatin not only compacts the genome into the nucleus, but is also the mechanism controlling how the genome is read out from cell to cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -Chromatin is a highly organized complex of DNA and proteins and is a principal component of the cell nucleus. Histone proteins help organize DNA into structural units called nucleosomes, which are then assembled into a compact structure (chromatin) and eventually into very large, high-order structures (chromosomes).

Detailed explanation-5: -Chromatin Is Extensively Condensed as Cells Enter Mitosis The most obvious difference between interphase and mitosis involves the appearance of a cell’s chromosomes. During interphase, individual chromosomes are not visible, and the chromatin appears diffuse and unorganized.