ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY
CHEMICAL SIGNALS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Ligand-gated ion receptors are receptors for a group of signaling molecules called growth factors.
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Binding of a ligand to receptor tyrosine kinases causes a direct change in ion distribution across a membrane.
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G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most diverse type of cell receptor.
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Intracellular receptors can be found in the cytoplasm or nucleus.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Intracellular receptors are receptor proteins found on the inside of the cell, typically in the cytoplasm or nucleus. In most cases, the ligands of intracellular receptors are small, hydrophobic (water-hating) molecules, since they must be able to cross the plasma membrane in order to reach their receptors.
Detailed explanation-2: -Answer and Explanation: Of the following regarding intracellular receptors, receptors contain a lagging binding site near the C terminal domain and they contain a binding site for DNA near the N terminal domain. Intracellular receptors can contain more than three protein subunits or domains.
Detailed explanation-3: -Intracellular receptors are generally reserved for highly lipid-soluble drugs such as anti-inflammatory steroids, thyroid hormones, and vitamin A or D. These receptors belong to a superfamily of DNA-binding proteins.
Detailed explanation-4: -The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is primarily located in the cytoplasm, where in its unbound form it is complexed to a chaperone protein (i.e., the heat shock protein hsp90, among others; seeFig.
Detailed explanation-5: -Internal Receptors They are found in the cytoplasm of a cell and are often targeted by hydrophobic ligands that can cross the lipid bilayer of the animal plasma cell membrane. Often these receptors act to modify mRNA synthesis and thus protein synthesis within the cell.