AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Aside from storage, the rumen is also a fermentation vat. The rumen’s environment favors the growth of microbes. These microbes digest or ferment feed within the rumen and make volatile fatty acids (VFAs).

Detailed explanation-2: -It is the largest compartment of the adult ruminant stomach. The rumen is sometimes described as a ‘fermentation vat’. Its internal surface is covered with tiny projections, papillae, which increase the surface area of the rumen and allow better absorption of digested nutrients.

Detailed explanation-3: -The rumen acts as a fermentation vat by hosting microbial fermentation. About 50 to 65 percent of starch and soluble sugar consumed is digested in the rumen.

Detailed explanation-4: -In general, the rumen is a large fermentation vat where microorganisms break down ingesta by mechanical and chemical action into short-chain fatty acids that are directly absorbed across the epithelial lining into the blood.

Detailed explanation-5: -During rumen fermentation, short chain fatty acids and microbial ceils are formed from feedstuffs, and these products serve as sources of energy and protein, respectively, to the animal. Methane, heat, and ammonia are evolved as well, and these products can repre-sent a loss of energy and nitrogen for the animal.