AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A lump of swallowed food is called a bolus. The bolus passes from the mouth into the pharynx and from the pharynx into the esophagus. The esophagus is a long, narrow tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach. It has no other digestive functions.

Detailed explanation-2: -The term bolus applies to this mixture of food and solutions until they are passed into the stomach. Once the bolus reaches the stomach, mixes with gastric juices, and becomes reduced in size, the food mass becomes known as chyme. Related Topics: digestion saliva chewing.

Detailed explanation-3: -However, this distinction is often overlooked and the term ‘chyme’ is used to refer to food as it travels from the stomach through the intestine, until most of the nutritive material has been absorbed and only fecal matter remains.

Detailed explanation-4: -Food becomes a bolus when it is swallowed and passes from the mouth into the pharynx. It is considered chyme when it passes from the stomach into the small intestine. Feces is produced in the large intestine and passes through the anus.

Detailed explanation-5: -Elimination. The food molecules that cannot be digested or absorbed need to be eliminated from the body. The removal of indigestible wastes through the anus, in the form of feces, is defecation or elimination.