AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hydrochloric acid secreted from gastric parietal cells generates the strongly acidic environment of the gastric lumen (pH <2) (305), which kills food-derived bacteria, facilitates food digestion, and promotes absorption of minerals including phosphate, calcium, and iron.

Detailed explanation-2: -Parietal cells are responsible for gastric acid secretion, which aids in the digestion of food, absorption of minerals, and control of harmful bacteria.

Detailed explanation-3: -Oxyntic cells are present in pits within the wall of vertebrate stomach. Their function is to secrete hydrochloric acid, giving the gastric fluid a pH of about 1-2.

Detailed explanation-4: -Parietal cells are also referred to as oxyntic cells, based on the Greek word oxyntos (to generate an acidic substance). The “typical” parietal cell is usually depicted in a triangular shape with the apical region of the cell forming the apex of the triangle, which borders the lumen of the gastric gland.