AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The kidneys regulate circulatory volume by controlling sodium and water balance, thus maintaining extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) homeostasis.

Detailed explanation-2: -The critical regulation of the body’s salt, potassium and acid content is performed by the kidneys. The kidneys also produce hormones that affect the function of other organs. For example, a hormone produced by the kidneys stimulates red blood cell production.

Detailed explanation-3: -The kidneys serve several essential regulatory roles. They are essential in the regulation of electrolytes, maintenance of acid-base balance, and regulation of blood pressure. They serve the body by filtering blood to remove wastes that are diverted to the urinary bladder for excretion.

Detailed explanation-4: -The kidneys ensure that the make-up and volume of the fluids in the body is correct. They help control the chemical balance of the blood and regulate the body’s level of sodium, potassium and calcium. The kidneys remove waste products and excess water from the body and so help to regulate blood pressure.