ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY
EXCRETION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The kidney converts excess protein (amino acids) into urea which is then excreted by the body
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The liver converts excess protein (amino acids) into urea which is transferred to the kidney and excreted
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Excess protein is filtered from the blood by the kidney and excreted in the urine
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Protein levels in the blood are changed by the kidneys in response to the presence of a hormone called ADH.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Amino acids are transported to the liver during digestion and most of the body’s protein is synthesised here. If protein is in excess, amino acids can be converted into fat and stored in fat depots, or if required, made into glucose for energy by gluconeogenesis which has already been mentioned.
Detailed explanation-2: -The extra proteins in the body are degraded by the process of deamination where the NH2 group is removed and it is converted into ammonium ions in the liver. The ammonium ions enter urea cycle and get converted into urea. The urea formed in liver is transported to kidney through circulation and finally gets excreted.
Detailed explanation-3: -The digestion of proteins from the diet results in excess amino acids, which need to be excreted safely. In the liver these amino acids are deaminated to form ammonia . Ammonia is toxic and so it is immediately converted to urea for safe excretion.
Detailed explanation-4: -During digestion, protein is broken down into various byproducts. Healthy kidneys remove the byproducts and filter out the wastes in the urine. When kidney function has declined, the byproducts of protein breakdown can build up in the blood instead of being cleared out in the urine.