AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The functional unit of the kidney is the nephron, which consists of a tuft of capillaries, termed the glomerulus, found within the Bowman’s capsule located in the cortex. The proximal and distal convoluted tubules are a continuation of the Bowman’s capsule, connected through the loop of Henlé.

Detailed explanation-2: -The functional unit of the kidney is called the nephron. It comprises of a coiled renal tubule and a vascular network of peritubular capillaries. The tubule consists of different regions, each with their own important function.

Detailed explanation-3: -Blood is filtered in the kidneys through nephrons. Each nephron contains a network of small blood vessels, called glomerulus, which are enclosed in a sac called Bowman’s capsule.

Detailed explanation-4: -The glomerulus is the site in the nephron where fluid and solutes are filtered out of the blood to form a glomerular filtrate. The proximal and distal tubules, the loop of Henle, and the collecting ducts are sites for the reabsorption of water and ions.

Detailed explanation-5: -The capsule helps the glomerulus to filter blood. Small molecules from the blood pass freely into Bowman’s space, but as long as the kidney filter is working normally, cells and large proteins stay in the blood.