AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The liver cells convert ammonia to a much less toxic substance called urea, which is released into the blood. Urea is then transported to the kidneys and passes out of the body in urine.

Detailed explanation-2: -The liver filters toxins through the sinusoid channels, which are lined with immune cells called Kupffer cells. These engulf the toxin, digest it and excrete it. This process is called phagocytosis. As most chemicals are relatively new it will be thousands of years before our body properly adapts to them.

Detailed explanation-3: -When you eat proteins, the body breaks them down into amino acids. Ammonia is produced from leftover amino acids, and it must be removed from the body. The liver produces several chemicals (enzymes) that change ammonia into a form called urea, which the body can remove in the urine.

Detailed explanation-4: -The urea and water are released from the liver cells to the bloodstream and transported to the kidneys where the blood is filtered and the urea is passed out of the body in the urine. Urea is very soluble and a small molecule, so it is relatively easily passed out by the kidneys as a solution in water.

Detailed explanation-5: -The liver does many jobs, but here are three big ones: It cleans your blood. It produces an important digestive liquid called bile. It stores energy in the form of a sugar called glycogen.