AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Malpighian tubules are the excretory organs of insects. It opens at the junction of midgut and hindgut (ileum) in the cockroach. Malpighian tubules absorb excretory substances from haemolymph and fat bodies and pass into the proctodaeum. So, the correct answer is option A.

Detailed explanation-2: -In insects, Malpighian tubules (MTs) are the main osmoregulatory and excretory organs and are considered analogous to the nephridia of annelids or the kidneys of vertebrates.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Malpighian tubules of spiders are thought to absorb waste material from the hemolymph and transform it into excreta, usually in the form of guanine, ade-nine, hypoxanthine, and uric acid (Seitz, 1986; Foe-lix, 1996).

Detailed explanation-4: -Two main types of excretory organs occur in arachnids: coxal glands and Malpighian tubules.

Detailed explanation-5: -Malpighian tubules line the gut of some species of arthropods, such as bees.