AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The afferent arteriole larger in diameter than the efferent arteriole; This is to provide for the increased blood pressure in the glomerulus for ultrafiltration to take place.

Detailed explanation-2: -Hint: The afferent arteriole is the arteriole that brings blood to the glomerulus. It is larger in diameter than the efferent arteriole. The efferent arteriole is the arteriole that carries blood away from the glomerulus. It is smaller in diameter than the afferent arteriole.

Detailed explanation-3: -The efferent arteriole carries blood away from the glomerulus. Because it has a smaller diameter than the afferent arteriole, it creates some resistance to blood flow, producing the back-up of blood in the glomerulus which creates higher pressure in the glomerular cavity.

Detailed explanation-4: -Afferent and efferent arterioles (21.5 ± 1.2 µm and 15.9 ± 1.2 µm diameter), recognized from vascular origins, lead into previously undescribed wider regions (43.2 ± 2.8 µm and 38.4 ± 4.9 µm diameter) we have termed vascular chambers (VCs) embedded in the mesangium of the vascular pole.

Detailed explanation-5: -Afferent arterioles bring blood into your kidney’s glomerulus (blood vessels that filter your blood). Afferent arterioles can dilate, or get wider, to allow for more filtration.