AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The technical term for this is counter-current flow. This is the best way to remove harmful substances, waste products and excess water from the blood and get rid of them together with the dialysis fluid.

Detailed explanation-2: -Diffusion is defined as the movement of solute from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane. Movement continues until equilibrium is achieved.

Detailed explanation-3: -During osmosis, fluid moves from areas of high water concentration to lower water concentration across a semi-permeable membrane until equilibrium is reached. In dialysis, excess fluid moves from blood to the dialysate through a membrane until the fluid level is the same between blood and dialysate.

Detailed explanation-4: -With hemodialysis, a machine removes blood from your body, filters it through a dialyzer (artificial kidney) and returns the cleaned blood to your body. This 3-to 5-hour process may take place in a hospital or a dialysis center three times a week. You can also do hemodialysis at home.

Detailed explanation-5: -Hemodialysis is a treatment to filter wastes and water from your blood, as your kidneys did when they were healthy. Hemodialysis helps control blood pressure and balance important minerals, such as potassium, sodium, and calcium, in your blood.