AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Glucotoxicity or high glucose concentrations may impair -cell function and finally induce apoptosis. Elevated glucose concentrations affect pancreatic -cells and can lead to oxidative damage in the major organs in the body, such as eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels.

Detailed explanation-2: -Having too much sugar in the blood for long periods of time can cause serious health problems if it’s not treated. Hyperglycemia can damage the vessels that supply blood to vital organs, which can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke, kidney disease, vision problems, and nerve problems.

Detailed explanation-3: -Too little glucose, called hypoglycemia, starves cells, and too much glucose (hyperglycemia) creates a sticky, paralyzing effect on cells. Euglycemia, or blood sugar within the normal range, is naturally ideal for the body’s functions.

Detailed explanation-4: -When blood sugar drops too low, the level of insulin declines and other cells in the pancreas release glucagon, which causes the liver to turn stored glycogen back into glucose and release it into the blood.