AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hint: The afferent arteriole is the arteriole that brings blood to the glomerulus. It is larger in diameter than the efferent arteriole . The efferent arteriole is the arteriole that carries blood away from the glomerulus. It is smaller in diameter than the afferent arteriole.

Detailed explanation-2: -The efferent arteriole carries blood away from the glomerulus. Because it has a smaller diameter than the afferent arteriole, it creates some resistance to blood flow, producing the back-up of blood in the glomerulus which creates higher pressure in the glomerular cavity.

Detailed explanation-3: -structure of human kidney afferent arteriole to become the efferent arterioles carrying blood away from the glomeruli. The afferent arterioles are almost twice as thick as the efferent arterioles because they have thicker muscular coats, but the sizes of their channels are almost the same.

Detailed explanation-4: -The venous system is a lower-pressure system, containing veins that have larger lumens and thinner walls.

Detailed explanation-5: -Answer and Explanation: The diameter of the afferent arteriole going into the glomerulus is larger than the efferent arteriole leaving the glomerulus in order to increase blood pressure to facilitate ultrafiltration.