AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Seeds from the Jatropha curcas plant are used for the production of bio-fuel, a crucial part of India’s plan to attain energy sustainability.

Detailed explanation-2: -Crude jatropha oil was poured into a conical flask and heated to a temperature of 60°C. A mixture of concentrated H2SO4 (1% w/w) with methanol (30% v/v) was heated separately at (50°C) and then added to the heated oil in the flask. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour and allowed to settle for 2 hours.

Detailed explanation-3: -Jatropha Curcas is a low-cost biodiesel feedstock with good fuel properties and more oil than other species. It is a non-edible oilseed feedstock. Thus it will have no impact on food prices or the food vs fuel debate.

Detailed explanation-4: -The characteristics of Jatropha seed oil match with characteristics of diesel [9–11], thus it is called a biodiesel plant [12]. Jatropha grows on diverse wasteland without any agricultural impute (irrigation and fertilization) and has 40–60% oil content [12, 13].

Detailed explanation-5: -Edible oils resources such as soybeans, palm oil, sunflower, safflower, rapeseed, coconut and peanut are considered as the first generation biodiesel feedstocks because they were the first crops to be used for biodiesel production.